Dear Team,
Watching Vanessa Stalling direct the remount of The Cabinet is quite wonderful to me.
I could not ask for a better agent- she was key to the creation of the original show, her sense of object and dance is impeccable, and her ability to direct, lead, and coach outstanding.
After rehearsal today, I returned to my first directors notes… which I had not read in over 5 years- and I thought I would share- maybe they could inspire this young, bright, remarkable team of performers, maybe they would intrigue some new viewers, maybe they would inspire some… they inspired me.
I want the group to read, and I want to share my faith and gratitude for Vanessa and this new group of dedicated, brave art makers- The Cabinet is not easy to make… it takes a lean focus, a careful attention, tremendous force, and a passion to simultaneously haunt and inspire.
It demands one who is very much awake.
and I see her, Vanessa, alerting the puppeteer in these skilled actors- helping them find, feel, and tell the story…
I think a puppeteer is not made, but born, but must be shaken awake to their talent- a puppeteer is someone who can focus, deeply, beyond themselves, without ego, without need… they must work incredibly hard, tirelessly… always remain positive and always say yes- the great gift of the true puppeteer- the investigator, the explorer, always looking, searching for a better way, a new way, a more difficult way… a intense discipline is required to discover a puppet show… to find the perfect dance carefully interrupted by objects… and that work will ache, it will hurt, it will be uncomfortable… it demands big pushes… and the real puppeteer will push hard… in the dark, 15 feet above ground, in the crack… and love it… like the long distance runner, only satisfied by the greatest of pain… they know the finish line is a point of glory.
This team, they see that- Vanessa holds the lantern for their march, and they boldly go. They inspire me. They are making good work. With integrity and substance. They are going the distance. No rest for the wicked. No rest.
Frank Maugeri 2005 Directors Notes:
The Cabinet ties together several long standing interests and passions for me.
First, this production is a result of my excitement for creating a particular type of puppet show. I enjoy working in a miniature theatrical medium: using found objects—old dolls and toys; creating brute mechanical and transforming elements; exploring random dream images; developing narrative through picture, symbol, gesture and style; experimenting with an omnipotent and strange puppeteer character; and collecting all these elements in a small, condensed, claustrophobic space that allows attention to image detail and physical gesture.
Secondly, the horror film—an obsession of mine since I was young. From the classic monster films of Dracula, Frankenstein, and King Kong, to the eerie likes of M, The Night of the Hunter, and The Wicker Man… I would settle down in front of the television and watch these films hours on end, hunched over in pleasure, fantasy and fear.
Finally, I was drawn to this project by an interest in the exploration and investigation of madness, always a subject of intrigue for me. I spent several years working with mentally ill adults, compelled by their complex and sophisticated delusions and fears, and inspired by their pursuit of a manageable life and a discernable, predictable reality.
Why use this particular film as a source? Because the original film, to me, already feels like a puppet show. The characters are like wicked painted marionettes. The sets are theatrical and intimate like a tiny toy theater, and the mood is spooky, dark and dreamlike. If you squint, the whole film looks like a harsh, maniac Punch and Judy show.
I’ve always made shows for other people. I’ve always dedicated my work, from the very conception of a piece, to my mother or father or a family member or friend. This one was made for myself— the six year old boy who would sit in front of the TV, hour after hour, watching horror films and paging through comic books, literally having the time of my life— being chilled, being humored, and being inspired. I really hope that I’ve fully embraced the work enough, joyfully and respectfully, that people will be as entertained as I was as that child.
Special thanks to the primary collaborators on this piece—the designers, puppeteeers, and scriptwriter for the tireless hours spent discussing and workshoping this piece. They are all the creators and directors and have influenced this work….
And from some old scraps of original inspirations- worth looking and posting- all cool:
FAULTY OPTIC
http://www.faultyoptic.co. uk/newindexframe.htm
FORKBEARD FANTASY
http://www.forkbeardfantasy.co.uk/
SVENKMAJER
http://www.awn.com/heaven_and_hell/svank/svank1.htm
HANDSPRING PUPPET COMPANY
http://handspringpuppet.co.za/
TERRY GILLIAM
http://www.digitalmediafx.com/Features/terry-gilliam.html
TOY THEATRE
http://www.pollocksweb.co.uk/
BROTHERS QUAY
http://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.3/articles/buchan1.3.html
http://www.zeitgeistfilms.com/current/quays/quays.html
CABERET MECHANICAL THEATER
http://www.cabaret.co.uk/
DAVE MCKEAN
http://art.co.uk/
ANTIQUE DOLLS
http://www.antique-toys.dk/menu_uk.html
PEEPSHOWS
http://www.sci.fi/%7Eanimato/filmhist/filmhist.html
GEORGE MELIES
http://www.nwlink.com/%7Eerick/silentera/Melies/melies.html
EISENSTEIN
http://www.carleton.edu/curricular/MEDA/classes/media110/Severson/eisenste.htm
FRITZ LANG
http://www.bfi.org.uk/features/lang/
RANKIN BASS
http://www.rankinbass.com/
CALIGARI
http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Set/9078/cindex.htm
,%20is%20a%20strange%20exception%20to%20that,%20as%20it%20indulges%20in%20an%20elaborate%20theatricality%20both%20in%20its%20visual%20design%20and%20its%20performances%20-%20so%20much%20so%20that%20at%20times%20it%20feels%20as%20if%20it%20belongs%20in%20another%20universe%20entirely.%20Kino's%20beautiful%20new%20DVD%20release,%20made%20from%20a%20restored%20German%20edition%20of%20the%20film,%20preserving%20the%20original%20hand%20tinting%20and%20the%20stylized%20lettering%20of%20the%20intertitles,%20presents%20a%20renewed%20opportunity%20to%20revisit%20this%20seminal%20work.%20%20The%20story%20is%20quite%20bare%20bones:%20A%20young%20man%20named%20Francis%20(Friedrich%20Feher)%20and%20his%20best%20friend,%20Alan%20(Hans%20Heinrich%20von%20Twardowski),%20both%20in%20love%20with%20the%20same%20woman,%20come%20to%20a%20traveling%20fair%20one%20day,%20and%20see%20a%20demonstration%20by%20a%20bizarre,%20black-clad%20somnambulist%20named%20Cesare%20(Conrad%20Veidt),%20who%20can%20answer%20any%20question%20about%20the%20future.%20Alan%20asks%20him%20how%20long%20he%20has%20to%20live:%20%22Until%20dawn,%22%20Cesare%20answers.%20When%20Alan%20winds%20up%20dead%20the%20following%20day,%20Francis%20begins%20to%20suspect%20the%20somnambulist,%20as%20well%20as%20his%20mysterious%20keeper,%20an%20elderly%20bespectacled%20hypnotist%20named%20Dr.%20Caligari%20(Werner%20Krauss).%20%20%20The%20staginess%20of%20Caligari%20is%20at%20times%20startling:%20One%20can%20almost%20hear%20the%20floorboards%20creak%20as%20the%20actors%20move%20back%20and%20forth%20on%20Wiene's%20twisted%20sets.%20There's%20even%20a%20small%20(unintentional?)%20laugh%20when%20Francis%20first%20opens%20the%20unnaturally%20angled,%20elongated,%20trapezoidal%20door%20to%20Caligari's%20office.%20While%20the%20later%20expressionist%20directors%20experimented%20with%20technological%20developments%20like%20distorting%20lenses%20and%20moving%20cameras,%20Wiene's%20film%20plays%20out%20almost%20like%20a%20filmed%20play%20-%20albeit%20with%20some%20pretty%20amazing%20decor.%20But%20one%20also%20wonders%20if%20the%20film's%20theatricality%20may%20be%20part%20of%20a%20more%20deliberate%20aesthetic%20approach.%20%20The%20German%20film%20theorist%20Siegfried%20Kracauer%20saw%20in%20Caligari's%20power%20of%20hypnosis%20a%20symbolism%20for%20%22that%20manipulation%20of%20the%20soul%20which%20Hitler%20was%20the%20first%20to%20practice%20on%20a%20gigantic%20scale.%22%20(Kracauer,%20of%20course,%20saw%20resonance%20with%20Hitler%20in%20many%20expressionist%20films.)%20And%20the%20film%20itself%20arguably%20suggests%20a%20similar%20type%20of%20mass%20hypnosis.%20The%20story%20is%20told%20via%20a%20framing%20device,%20wherein%20Francis%20relates%20his%20tale%20to%20a%20nameless%20stranger.%20At%20the%20end,%20it%20turns%20out%20that%20Francis%20is%20an%20inmate%20in%20an%20insane%20asylum,%20and%20the%20doctor%20in%20charge%20is%20none%20other%20than%20Caligari%20himself.%20At%20the%20time,%20the%20film's%20writers,%20Carl%20Mayer%20and%20Hans%20Janowitz,%20originally%20objected%20to%20this%20framing%20device,%20which%20they%20felt%20suggested%20that%20Francis%20was%20the%20madman%20and%20Caligari%20the%20noble%20physician,%20thereby%20diluting%20the%20anti-authoritarian%20thrust%20of%20their%20original%20work.%20But%20although%20the%20doctor%20at%20the%20end%20is%20far%20more%20mild-mannered%20than%20the%20mad%20hypnotist%20of%20Francis's%20tale,%20the%20film%20seems%20a%20bit%20more%20ambivalent%20about%20the%20final%20point.%20All%20of%20the%20preceding%20story's%20main%20characters%20-%20including%20Cesare,%20who%20is%20supposed%20to%20be%20dead%20by%20this%20point,%20are%20in%20the%20asylum,%20so%20this%20scene%20is%20not%20merely%20a%20coda%20to%20what%20has%20happened%20previously.%20But%20if%20the%20structure%20ultimately%20absolves%20the%20authority%20figure%20of%20Caligari,%20what%20does%20it%20do%20with%20the%20authority%20figure%20of%20the%20storyteller%20(not%20just%20Francis,%20perhaps,%20but%20also%20the%20filmmakers),%20if%20this%20tale%20is%20being%20told%20by%20a%20madman?%20%20Considered%20in%20that%20light,%20Wiene's%20%22staginess%22%20doesn't%20feel%20like%20such%20an%20unfortunate%20choice%20after%20all.%20There%20is%20something%20odd%20about%20this%20world:%20The%20actors%20are%20ostentatious,%20their%20movements%20too%20deliberate.%20Cesare%20might%20be%20the%20only%20one%20under%20hypnosis%20in%20the%20actual%20story,%20but%20all%20the%20actors%20have%20a%20somnambulant%20aura%20about%20them.%20The%20flat%20plane%20of%20the%20action%20contrasts%20sharply%20with%20the%20angled%20doors,%20the%20painted%20backdrops%20and%20forced%20perspectives%20of%20the%20setting.%20These%20jarring%20elements,%20indeed,%20may%20well%20be%20clues%20to%20the%20unreliability%20of%20the%20narrator,%20and%20by%20extension%20the%20cinematic%20image%20we%20are%20being%20presented%20with.%20What%20seemed%20on%20Wiene's%20part%20to%20initially%20be%20some%20dated%20and%20unfortunate%20directorial%20choices%20turns%20out%20to%20be%20a%20significantly%20more%20complex%20approach,%20calling%20to%20question%20the%20very%20reliability%20of%20the%20cinematic%20apparatus%20itself.%20%20%20Indeed,%20this%20is%20why%20Caligari%20continues%20to%20be%20a%20representative%20work%20of%20expressionism,%20and%20why%20it%20still%20works%20today%20as%20a%20story%20--%20its%20stylized%20representation%20of%20an%20off-kitler%20world%20is%20actually%20surprisingly%20consistent%20and%20compelling.%20It's%20a%20reality%20other%20than%20the%20one%20we're%20used%20to.%20The%20later%20expressionists%20would%20create%20this%20illusion%20using%20more%20cinematic%20devices,%20but%20Wiene%20settles%20for%20the%20inconsistency%20between%20varying%20media%20--%20the%20collision%20of%20theatre%20and%20cinema.%20%20Synopsis/Story%202:%20another%20persons%20thoughts,%20observations,%20and%20ideas:%20%20The%20Cabinet%20of%20Dr.%20Caligari%20is%20best%20known%20for%20its%20distinctive%20visual%20style,%20based%20upon%20the%20ideas%20of%20German%20Expressionism.%20The%20movement%20first%20took%20hold%20in%20painting%20where%20artists%20altered%20the%20external%20environment%20by%20distorting%20forms%20and%20using%20bold%20colors%20to%20suggest%20inner%20emotional%20states,%20instead%20of%20using%20trying%20to%20realistically%20reproduce%20a%20scene.%20%20%20While%20some%20of%20the%20ideas%20of%20Expressionism%20and%20other%20modernist%20art%20movements%20appear%20in%20later%20movies%20(the%20influence%20of%20Expressionism%20can%20be%20seen%20in%20the%20elongated%20and%20foreboding%20shadows%20of%20film%20noir,%20for%20example),%20The%20Cabinet%20of%20Dr%20Caligari%20is%20notable%20because%20its%20visual%20style%20is%20thoroughly%20Expressionistic%20and%20does%20not%20try%20to%20just%20borrow%20a%20few%20elements%20and%20incorporate%20them%20into%20an%20otherwise%20realistic%20style.%20%20%20With%20the%20exception%20of%20two%20scenes%20that%20serve%20to%20frame%20the%20plot,%20the%20sets%20are%20purely%20expressionist.%20The%20buildings%20lurch%20at%20canted%20angles%20with%20interiors%20that%20have%20light%20and%20shadow%20directly%20painted%20on%20them%20to%20create%20the%20intended%20visual%20effect.%20Most%20often%20the%20effect%20is%20to%20make%20everything%20more%20angular,%20pointed%20and%20jagged,%20creating%20a%20sense%20of%20dread%20and%20psychological%20tension.%20The%20shots%20of%20Jane%E2%80%99s%20home%20(Jane%20(Lil%20Dagover)%20is%20the%20love%20interest%20of%20Francis%20(Friedrich%20Feher)%20who%20relates%20the%20story%20of%20the%20strange%20and%20murderous%20Dr.%20Caligari%20(Werner%20Krauss)%20and%20the%20somnambulist%20Cesare%20(Conrad%20Veidt))%20are%20still%20expressionist,%20but%20instead%20of%20being%20angular,%20her%20courtyard%20and%20house%20consists%20of%20mostly%20round,%20almost%20organic%20shapes,%20suggesting%20comfort%20and%20goodness%20(for%20other%20examples%20of%20this%20angular/bad,%20round/good%20dichotomy,%20think%20of%20any%20recent%20Disney%20villain%20and%20hero).%20%20%20The%20visual%20style%20is%20reflected%20to%20a%20lesser%20degree%20in%20the%20makeup%20and%20costumes.%20Dr.%20Caligari%20and%20Cesare,%20in%20particular,%20have%20exaggerated%20makeup%20and%20costumes.%20Caligari%E2%80%99s%20kid%20gloves%20have%20over-pronounced%20lines%20on%20the%20back,%20his%20makeup%20is%20designed%20to%20make%20his%20face%20look%20creased%20and%20scruffy,%20and%20his%20hair%20is%20combed%20in%20a%20carefully%20created%20thick,%20wild%20style.%20Cesare%20is%20dressed%20in%20a%20black%20leotard%20with%20the%20hints%20of%20an%20angular%20design,%20as%20if%20he%20had%20stylized%20dust%20stains.%20His%20face%20is%20covered%20in%20heavy%20white%20makeup%20limiting%20shadows%20on%20his%20face,%20offsetting%20the%20thick%20black%20makeup%20around%20his%20eyes,%20mouth%20and%20eyebrows.%20%20The%20performances%20are%20similarly%20unrealistic%20and%20exaggerated.%20Cesare%E2%80%99s%20movements%20are%20balletic%20and%20fluid,%20giving%20him%20an%20otherworldly,%20menacing%20aspect.%20The%20other%20characters%E2%80%99%20actions%20are%20broad%20and%20their%20reactions%20seem%20almost%20melodramatic.%20Again%20this%20reflects%20the%20Expressionists%E2%80%99%20fascination%20with%20extreme%20emotional%20states%20and%20trying%20to%20make%20them%20visible.%20%20%20I%20find%20visual%20effect%20distinctive%20and%20exciting,%20but%20this%20is%20admittedly%20a%20matter%20of%20personal%20taste.%20If%20you%20despise%20Expressionism,%20the%20film%E2%80%99s%20style,%20no%20matter%20how%20visually%20striking,%20would%20be%20tedious.%20But%20because%20the%20film%20tries%20to%20incorporate%20both%20popular%20cinema%20conventions%20and%20modernist%20art%20as%20few%20other%20movies%20have,%20the%20film%20raises%20interesting%20questions%20about%20how%20well%20these%20two%20different%20traditions%20can%20co-exist%20within%20the%20same%20work.%20%20All%20films,%20even%20the%20ones%20that%20strive%20to%20be%20the%20most%20realistic%20and%20least%20stylized,%20are%20visual%20constructions%20based%20upon%20shot%20composition%20and%20editing.%20Because%20The%20Cabinet%20of%20Dr.%20Caligari%20is%20at%20the%20extreme%20end%20of%20this%20scale%20for%20a%20narrative%20film,%20it%20poses%20some%20challenges%20to%20the%20unity%20of%20the%20film.%20%20By%20the%20time%20The%20Cabinet%20of%20Dr%20Caligari%20was%20released%20in%201920,%20continuity%20editing%20had%20become%20the%20established%20way%20of%20using%20film%20to%20tell%20a%20story.%20Scenes%20were%20set%20up%20with%20establishing%20shots%20and%20the%20camera%20would%20move%20in%20as%20the%20scene%20progresses%20to%20focus%20on%20characters%E2%80%99%20reactions,%20done%20in%20such%20a%20way%20as%20to%20respect%20spatial%20relationships%20between%20characters.%20Editing%20was%20also%20done%20%E2%80%9Con%20action%E2%80%9D%20so%20that%20the%20switches%20between%20shots%20became%20hidden%20in%20the%20arc%20of%20the%20narrative.%20%20In%20general%20the%20shot%20sequence%20and%20editing%20The%20Cabinet%20of%20Dr.%20Caligari%20are%20structured%20along%20these%20lines.%20However,%20because%20of%20the%20Expressionist%20influence,%20the%20shots%20are%20more%20self-consciously%20composed%20to%20the%20point%20where%20it%20overruns%20a%20sense%20of%20realism.%20This%20does%20end%20up%20affecting%20the%20choice%20of%20shots.%20Because%20the%20sets%20are%20composed%20like%20paintings,%20the%20scenes%20often%20have%20a%20staged%20feel%20to%20them.%20It%20feels%20like%20the%20camera%20remains%20in%20the%20establishing%20shot%20longer%20than%20normal%20to%20convey%20the%20full%20effect%20of%20the%20set,%20which%20is%20lost%20in%20close-up%20shots.%20Further%20when%20the%20camera%20does%20cut%20or%20iris%20in,%20it%20rarely%20changes%20angle%20or%20perspective.%20This%20is%20perhaps%20because%20the%20sets%20are%20designed%20for%20a%20particular%20visual%20effect%20rather%20than%20realism,%20and%20as%20a%20result%20are%20best%20viewed%20from%20a%20single%20angle,%20limiting%20the%20range%20of%20shots%20available.%20%20Initially%20the%20normal%20appearance%20of%20many%20of%20the%20characters%20feels%20slightly%20out%20of%20place%20in%20the%20Expressionist%20sets,%20as%20if%20they%20were%20walking%20though%20a%20cartoon.%20The%20only%20time%20the%20film%20truly%20feels%20like%20an%20integrated%20whole%20is%20during%20the%20chase%20scenes.%20During%20these%20sequences%20the%20depth%20of%20the%20shots%20and%20the%20motion%20of%20the%20characters%20abstract%20their%20forms%20so%20that%20they%20fit%20in%20with%20their%20surroundings.%20%20The%20other%20question%20raised%20by%20the%20mix%20of%20continuity%20and%20avant%20garde%20style%20is,%20why?%20Does%20the%20Expressionist%20influence%20serve%20a%20narrative%20role?%20The%20answer%20to%20this%20question%20is%20ambiguous.%20Silent%20films%20were%20easy%20to%20export,%20because%20all%20you%20had%20to%20do%20was%20translate%20the%20intertitles.%20One%20possibility%20is%20that%20incorporating%20Expressionism%20into%20films%20was%20as%20much%20an%20attempt%20by%20German%20filmmakers%20to%20distinguish%20their%20films%20from%20those%20make%20in%20Hollywood,%20France,%20and%20other%20countries%20as%20anything%20else.%20%20%20A%20more%20plot-based%20explanation%20comes%20from%20the%20revelation%20at%20the%20end%20of%20the%20film%20that%20that%20Francis,%20the%20narrator%20of%20the%20story,%20is%20an%20inmate%20in%20an%20asylum;%20the%20Expressionist%20style%20could%20be%20a%20manifestation%20of%20his%20emotional%20state%20and%20madness.%20However,%20this%20answer%20is%20problematic%20because%20even%20after%20his%20madness%20is%20revealed%20and%20his%20stops%20being%20the%20narrative%20voice,%20the%20sets%20remain%20stylized.%20%20%20Another%20explanation%20for%20the%20Expressionist%20style%20comes%20from%20the%20man%20to%20whom%20Francis%20tells%20his%20story.%20Before%20Francis%20begin%20his%20tale,%20the%20man%20sitting%20on%20the%20bench%20next%20to%20him%20says%20%E2%80%9Cthere%20are%20spirits%20everywhere%E2%80%9D%20cueing%20the%20audience%20that%20they%20will%20be%20seeing%20a%20tale%20of%20horror%20or%20the%20fantastic.%20Under%20this%20interpretation,%20the%20Expressionist%20sets%20are%20less%20an%20attempt%20to%20convey%20a%20specific%20emotional%20or%20mental%20state%20and%20more%20part%20of%20an%20attempt%20to%20create%20a%20general%20mood.%20This%20supported%20by%20the%20fact%20that%20the%20two%20most%20strange%20and%20fantastic%20characters,%20Dr.%20Caligari%20and%20Cesare,%20are%20also%20the%20two%20most%20Expressionist-looking.%20This%20also%20makes%20sense%20given%20that%20other%20Expressionist%20films,%20such%20as%20Nosferatu,%20were%20of%20a%20similar%20genre.%20%20%20Just%20as%20the%20marriage%20of%20popular%20cinema%20and%20modern%20art%20forced%20changes%20in%20the%20cinematic%20structure%20of%20the%20film,%20these%20explanations%20show%20that%20it%20transformed%20Expressionism%20as%20well.%20Most%20Expressionist%20paintings%20are%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